The changes humans make to the environment are often easy to see. Forests are converted to suburban developments, rivers straightened to ease navigation, and roads fragment the landscape. Yet many less obvious changes have also occurred. For example, traffic flows and urbanization have altered ambient noise levels. More specifically, traffic and urbanization create a constant, low frequency noise different from most sounds in nature. Given this change, there is a need to understand the effects of an altered soundscape on how animals vocalize and more importantly communicate.
 
Below are current projects, a summary of past work, and links to select recordings
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